Plastic versus glas: wat is de beste keuze voor ons milieu? 

Vandaag de dag is zo goed als iedereen het erover eens wanneer het gaat over de keuze plastic versus glas. Plastic moet zo veel mogelijk vermeden worden, glas kan niets fout doen. Is het echt zo kort door de bocht? Hoe zit het echt met de negatieve impact van plastic en glas op ons milieu? Je hoort overal en van iedereen andere inzichten. Wil je graag weten hoe jij de beste ecologische keuze kan maken aangepast aan jouw leven? Lees dan onderstaand artikel verder en kom het te weten. 

Keuze: glas versus plastic

Productieproces van plastic en glas

Plastic verpakkingen zijn ondenkbaar voor mensen die willen leven zonder afval. Glas daarentegen kan niets slecht doen. Ik betrap mezelf erop dat ik zonder problemen iets koop in/met glas en plastic altijd probeer te vermijden. Ik wilde weten of glas inderdaad zo veel beter is voor het milieu dan plastic. 

Als je echt goede doordachte keuzes wilt maken moet je eerst wat meer weten over hoe glas en plastic geproduceerd worden. Ecologische keuzes gaan niet enkel over wat er gebeurt aan het einde van het leven van deze materialen. De beste optie bij jouw levensstijl gaat over het volledige proces. 

Plastic

Om plastic te maken is er aardolie nodig. Dit is eigenlijk een grondstof waarmee we spaarzaam moeten omspringen. Het duurt miljoenen jaren om natuurlijk aan te maken en momenteel verbruiken we het sneller dan dat er bijkomt

Plastic is grotendeels recycleerbaar. Nadeel is wel: niet enkel bij de productie, maar ook bij de recyclage komen er ongezonde stoffen vrij.

Glas

Het grootste voordeel van glas is dat de recyclage een gesloten cirkel recyclage is. Dit wil zeggen dat er geen extra afval of bijproducten gecreëerd worden in tegenstelling tot plastic. Bij het maken van nieuw glas is er eerst ontginning van zand nodig. Recycleer je glas, dan is er geen ontginning nodig. Dit is echter enkel zo wanneer al het glas gerecycleerd wordt in plaats van het op de vuilnisbelt te gooien. In Amerika wordt nog niet de helft van het glas gerecycleerd gezien dit duurder is dan gewoon opnieuw glas te maken. In België (en veel andere Europese landen) echter wordt zo goed als 100% van het correct weggegooide glas gerecycleerd en hergebruikt. Yay België!

Wat zijn de negatieve effecten op het milieu? 

Plastic 

De meeste mensen weten dit al, maar plastic is niet afbreekbaar en jammer genoeg ook maar beperkt recycleerbaar. Verpakkingen die uit meerdere soorten plastic bestaan zijn niet te recycleren. Gelukkig is dit een kleine minderheid.  

Op een keer is recyclage onmogelijk en komt het onvermijdelijk op de afvalhoop terecht. Zoals het nu verloopt is plastic na 6 x mechanisch recycleren van zon’ slechte kwaliteit dat het niet meer hergebruikt kan worden. Het goede nieuws is dat er gekeken wordt naar chemische recyclage, waar plastic z’n kwaliteit niet zou bij verliezen. 

Het doel van België is om dit jaar (2032) 65 % van alle plastic te recycleren en het ziet er naar uit dat dit ons zal lukken. Dankzij de goede sorteercentra en het correcte sorteergedrag van Belgen halen we deze goede cijfers vergeleken met andere Europese landen. 

Recycleren van PET vraagt 60 % minder energie dan het produceren van nieuw PET materiaal, wat het recyclagedoel een goede stap richting een groenere wereld maakt. 

Plastic vergaat niet van zichzelf. Komt het in de natuur terecht, dan zal het daar eeuwig blijven. De grote verpakking breekt af en microplastics komen hierbij vrij. Deze kleine microscopisch kleine deeltjes vergaan nooit en zitten overal, van het water tot de lucht. 

Vervoer van verpakkingsmateriaal heeft ook een negatief effect op het milieu. Voordeel van plastic is dat het licht is. Productieprocessen worden steeds beter en plastic steeds lichter.

Glas 

Om nieuw glas te maken is er zand nodig. Dit zand komt van rivieren en zeebanken. De ontginning zorgt hier voor de verstoring van ecosystemen. Wanneer glas gemaakt is moet het getransporteerd worden. De grootste nadelen tegenover plastic zijn hierbij dat glas zwaarder is en transport dus voor meer uitstoot zorgt. Daarnaast breekt glas makkelijker tijdens dit transport. 

Eénmalig glas is zo mogelijk nog slechter voor het milieu dan plastic. Probeer dit dus te vermijden. Hergebruik glazen verpakkingen of zorg dat je ze correct recycleert.

Alternatieven voor beide

Kijk je enkel naar plastic en glas, dan krijg je deze volgorde van ‘goed’ naar ‘slecht’:  

Glas met statiegeld > plastic > eenmalig glas. 

Er is niet zo heel veel glas met statiegeld. We gaan daarom eens kijken naar alternatieven. 

In eerste instantie is het belangrijk het verbruik van verpakkingsmateriaal te verminderen. Dit is natuurlijk makkelijk gezegd. Verpakking is nu eenmaal nodig voor vervoer van allerlei producten zoals voeding, drinken en zo voort. Een goed alternatief is karton en papier, maar dit kan je niet gebruiken voor vloeistoffen. Daarnaast is het minder sterk dan plastic en heb je meer grondstoffen nodig om hetzelfde gewicht te kunnen dragen. 

Er bestaan tegenwoordig plastics op basis van biologische bronnen zoals planten in de plaats van aardolie. 

Het beste alternatief op beide zijn herbruikbare verpakkingen.  

Waarom is de keuze van verpakkingsmateriaal zo belangrijk?

Het zal je misschien verbazen, maar een gemiddeld Belg produceert zo’n 470 kg afval per jaar. 20 % hiervan zijn verpakkingsmaterialen. Een doordachte keuze van verpakking is dus niet zo nutteloos.

Wil je op steeds op de hoogte gehouden worden over jouw ecologische keuzes? 

Schrijf je in op de nieuwsbrief, krijg wekelijks een overzicht over welke keuzes jij beter kan maken. Krijg een gratis e-book over welke 10 makkelijke stappen richting een groenere wereld die jij vandaag al kan nemen. 

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